1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,680 This program is about unsolved mysteries. 2 00:00:03,680 --> 00:00:06,280 Whenever possible, the actual family members and police 3 00:00:06,280 --> 00:00:09,280 officials have participated in recreating the events. 4 00:00:09,280 --> 00:00:12,280 What you are about to see is not a news broadcast. 5 00:00:16,280 --> 00:00:20,120 During the late 1960s, thousands of curiosity seekers 6 00:00:20,120 --> 00:00:23,720 lined up to catch a glimpse of a legendary ice man, 7 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:26,400 a mysterious creature reportedly having 8 00:00:26,400 --> 00:00:30,800 half man and half ape entombed in a block of solid ice. 9 00:00:30,800 --> 00:00:34,360 But when the police began to investigate just who or what 10 00:00:34,360 --> 00:00:39,200 was in the frozen tomb, the ice man vanished. 11 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:42,800 At the age of 10, Tom Vaughn landed at a children's home, 12 00:00:42,800 --> 00:00:46,000 the innocent victim of his parents' bitter divorce. 13 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:49,760 Tom was absolutely miserable until he met a boy named Brandon, 14 00:00:49,760 --> 00:00:52,400 whose sense of humor and irrepressible spirit 15 00:00:52,400 --> 00:00:53,960 helped Tom serve his life. 16 00:00:54,960 --> 00:00:58,120 Tonight, Tom would like to thank the friend he 17 00:00:58,120 --> 00:01:02,200 hasn't seen since 1957. 18 00:01:02,200 --> 00:01:05,440 In 1953, at the height of the Cold War, 19 00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:07,600 a government scientist named Frank Olson 20 00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:10,560 plunged to his death from a hotel window and a parrot's 21 00:01:10,560 --> 00:01:11,960 suicide. 22 00:01:11,960 --> 00:01:16,360 22 years later, it was revealed that just days before he died, 23 00:01:16,360 --> 00:01:18,320 Frank Olson had been unwittingly dosed 24 00:01:18,320 --> 00:01:20,840 with a hallucinogenic drug, LSD. 25 00:01:20,880 --> 00:01:24,800 As part of a secret CIA experiment. 26 00:01:24,800 --> 00:01:28,760 Join me as we begin a fascinating new season. 27 00:01:28,760 --> 00:01:32,320 Perhaps you may be able to help solve a mystery. 28 00:02:20,840 --> 00:02:36,400 Well, as you can see, gentlemen, these are not ideal circumstances 29 00:02:36,400 --> 00:02:39,160 in which to view the exhibit. 30 00:02:39,160 --> 00:02:42,120 On a chilly December evening in 1968, 31 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:45,440 a promoter named Frank Hansen led two renowned scientists 32 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:48,720 into an isolated barn in southeastern Minnesota. 33 00:02:48,760 --> 00:02:52,120 Mr. Hansen, is the exhibit ever shown outside the trailer? 34 00:02:52,120 --> 00:02:54,600 No, it is always shown only in the trailer. 35 00:02:54,600 --> 00:02:57,200 Ivan Sanderson and Dr. Bernard Hoovalmans 36 00:02:57,200 --> 00:03:00,560 were experts in the esoteric field of cryptozoology, 37 00:03:00,560 --> 00:03:02,640 the study of hidden species. 38 00:03:02,640 --> 00:03:05,320 They had come to examine a peculiar artifact that 39 00:03:05,320 --> 00:03:07,240 had fallen into Hansen's possession. 40 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:15,400 Gentlemen, here is the exhibit. 41 00:03:19,720 --> 00:03:21,720 The two scientists were astonished. 42 00:03:21,720 --> 00:03:25,720 Intuned in a block of solid ice was a mysterious creature 43 00:03:25,720 --> 00:03:27,720 that appeared to be half man, half ape. 44 00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:34,720 These are actual photographs of the iceman. 45 00:03:34,720 --> 00:03:36,720 Sanderson and Hoovalmans departed, 46 00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:39,720 convinced that this bizarre sideshow attraction 47 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:41,720 had genuine scientific value. 48 00:03:41,720 --> 00:03:43,720 But within just a few short weeks, 49 00:03:43,720 --> 00:03:45,720 the enigmatic creature had vanished. 50 00:03:45,720 --> 00:03:48,720 And with it, any future opportunity for study. 51 00:03:51,720 --> 00:03:55,720 Who, or rather what, was the iceman? 52 00:03:55,720 --> 00:03:58,720 Most people assumed it was just what it was purported to be, 53 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:02,720 an entertaining illusion created by a master showman. 54 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:05,720 Sanderson and Hoovalmans disagreed. 55 00:04:05,720 --> 00:04:08,720 They theorized that the iceman was in reality 56 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:10,720 a prehistoric ancestor of man 57 00:04:10,720 --> 00:04:14,720 that had somehow survived into the 20th century. 58 00:04:16,720 --> 00:04:19,720 This machine predates the Model T. 59 00:04:19,720 --> 00:04:21,720 It is one of the oldest tractors in the world, 60 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:23,720 revolutionized farming. 61 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:27,720 In 1967, Frank Hansen was traveling the State Fair Circuit, 62 00:04:27,720 --> 00:04:29,720 exhibiting an antique mechanical contraption 63 00:04:29,720 --> 00:04:32,720 that he built as a first gas-powered tractor. 64 00:04:34,720 --> 00:04:37,720 At one stop, Frank was allegedly approached 65 00:04:37,720 --> 00:04:39,720 by a mysterious soft-spoken stranger. 66 00:04:39,720 --> 00:04:43,720 The following recreations are based upon published accounts. 67 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:47,720 Sir, may I have a word with you, please? 68 00:04:47,720 --> 00:04:49,720 I certainly. 69 00:04:51,720 --> 00:04:54,720 I find what you're doing here, sir, is fascinating. 70 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:58,720 I have an exhibit that I think would benefit from your expertise. 71 00:04:59,720 --> 00:05:01,720 Please, give me a call. It might be worth your while. 72 00:05:01,720 --> 00:05:03,720 Thank you. 73 00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:05,720 Thank you. 74 00:05:06,720 --> 00:05:08,720 Hansen later met the stranger 75 00:05:08,720 --> 00:05:12,720 at a refrigerated warehouse in some unknown location. 76 00:05:12,720 --> 00:05:15,720 What you are going to see belongs to me. 77 00:05:15,720 --> 00:05:19,720 How I came by it is, uh, is my business, 78 00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:21,720 and we need not discuss that at the moment. 79 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:25,720 Is there some reason it needs to be kept in such cold? 80 00:05:25,720 --> 00:05:28,720 I think there will be obvious to you in just a few moments. 81 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:39,720 Is it real? 82 00:05:39,720 --> 00:05:41,720 Where did you get this from? 83 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:45,720 Frank Hansen knew a golden opportunity when he saw it. 84 00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:48,720 He agreed to take the creature on the road 85 00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:51,720 and build it as an educational exhibit. 86 00:05:56,720 --> 00:05:59,720 Over the next two years, the Iceman became a star attraction 87 00:05:59,720 --> 00:06:02,720 at carnivals and state fairs throughout the Midwest. 88 00:06:02,720 --> 00:06:04,720 Thousands of people were fascinated, 89 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:07,720 but no one seemed to know what it was. 90 00:06:08,720 --> 00:06:11,720 Zookeeper Bob Shepleski 91 00:06:11,720 --> 00:06:14,720 saw the Iceman when he was 18 years old. 92 00:06:14,720 --> 00:06:17,720 My opinion, what I was looking at was not made out of latex, 93 00:06:17,720 --> 00:06:19,720 it was not made out of rubber. 94 00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:21,720 It did not appear to be a man-made thing. 95 00:06:21,720 --> 00:06:23,720 It appeared to be something. 96 00:06:23,720 --> 00:06:25,720 But, you know, as far as my opinion, 97 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:27,720 I don't know what I was looking at. 98 00:06:27,720 --> 00:06:30,720 But I'm sure I was looking at something dead. 99 00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:33,720 Environmentalist David Rivard 100 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:36,720 viewed the exhibit in 1968. 101 00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:39,720 The first thing that went through the average person's mind 102 00:06:39,720 --> 00:06:43,720 was that this was not a wax animal that he had there. 103 00:06:43,720 --> 00:06:48,720 This was not something that was a machine. 104 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:52,720 It was some kind of a live, formerly live animal 105 00:06:52,720 --> 00:06:54,720 that was in the block of ice. 106 00:06:54,720 --> 00:06:58,720 Dr. Terry Cullen is a zoological and veterinary researcher. 107 00:06:58,720 --> 00:07:02,720 I had long been aficionado of side shows 108 00:07:02,720 --> 00:07:05,720 and going to see them for mostly curiosity reasons. 109 00:07:05,720 --> 00:07:07,720 It was always enjoyable. 110 00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:09,720 You always had a great time trying to find out 111 00:07:09,720 --> 00:07:11,720 what they were doing and how they had it, 112 00:07:11,720 --> 00:07:14,720 what they did to fool the public. 113 00:07:14,720 --> 00:07:17,720 In the past, Terry Cullen has been reluctant 114 00:07:17,720 --> 00:07:19,720 to deal with the media. 115 00:07:19,720 --> 00:07:21,720 He agreed to this interview to try to clear up 116 00:07:21,720 --> 00:07:24,720 past inaccuracies about the Iceman. 117 00:07:24,720 --> 00:07:26,720 For various and sundry reasons. 118 00:07:26,720 --> 00:07:31,720 Music 119 00:07:31,720 --> 00:07:33,720 Oh, my God. 120 00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:36,720 Cullen first saw the Iceman when he was 17. 121 00:07:36,720 --> 00:07:39,720 He says a creature appeared to be a six foot tall 122 00:07:39,720 --> 00:07:41,720 adolescent male. 123 00:07:41,720 --> 00:07:43,720 It was covered with medium length hair 124 00:07:43,720 --> 00:07:45,720 and had highly visible follicles. 125 00:07:45,720 --> 00:07:48,720 Cullen also noticed a traumatic injury 126 00:07:48,720 --> 00:07:52,720 to the left side of the Iceman's face. 127 00:07:52,720 --> 00:07:58,720 There was a noticeable odor coming out of this casket. 128 00:07:58,720 --> 00:08:01,720 The one thing that there is no doubt in my mind about 129 00:08:01,720 --> 00:08:04,720 the thing that I observed, the carcass that I observed 130 00:08:04,720 --> 00:08:08,720 was in fact made out of some sort of flesh. 131 00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:11,720 Well, young man, you've been here before, haven't you? 132 00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:12,720 Yes, I have. 133 00:08:12,720 --> 00:08:14,720 Terry Cullen was hooked. 134 00:08:14,720 --> 00:08:17,720 He returned to the exhibit time and time again. 135 00:08:17,720 --> 00:08:20,720 On one occasion, Cullen snuck in a magnifying glass. 136 00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:23,720 Frank Hansen has seemed increasingly agitated 137 00:08:23,720 --> 00:08:27,720 with each visit, so Terry made sure he was discreet. 138 00:08:27,720 --> 00:08:30,720 There was something of a death grimace on the face. 139 00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:34,720 The upper lip was pulled back a bit. 140 00:08:34,720 --> 00:08:38,720 I was able to observe all four incisors, 141 00:08:38,720 --> 00:08:40,720 which were very large, very squarish, 142 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:43,720 very much like an orang's incisors. 143 00:08:43,720 --> 00:08:46,720 Whatever this was, it was important enough 144 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:51,720 to get the necessary scientific personnel in there to view it, 145 00:08:51,720 --> 00:08:56,720 to establish that either, yes, this is some form of 146 00:08:56,720 --> 00:09:02,720 unknown creature, or no, this is a fake, 147 00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:08,720 somehow cleverly constructed from the parts of other animals 148 00:09:08,720 --> 00:09:11,720 or whatever materials they were using. 149 00:09:11,720 --> 00:09:12,720 Missing link, huh? 150 00:09:12,720 --> 00:09:14,720 Yeah, I can't wait for you to see this. 151 00:09:14,720 --> 00:09:16,720 Can't have been to a lot of side shows. 152 00:09:16,720 --> 00:09:17,720 These things are always fake. 153 00:09:17,720 --> 00:09:18,720 No, this one's amazing. 154 00:09:18,720 --> 00:09:20,720 I think this one's real. 155 00:09:20,720 --> 00:09:21,720 You don't expect too much. 156 00:09:21,720 --> 00:09:22,720 Yeah, go on. 157 00:09:22,720 --> 00:09:25,720 Over the next few weeks, Terry Cullen tried to entice 158 00:09:25,720 --> 00:09:28,720 several scientific experts to view the creature. 159 00:09:28,720 --> 00:09:31,720 Eventually, he convinced an anthropologist 160 00:09:31,720 --> 00:09:33,720 from the University of Minnesota. 161 00:09:33,720 --> 00:09:58,720 He was in there perhaps 10 to 15 minutes, came back out again, 162 00:09:58,720 --> 00:10:01,720 and he started walking past where I was standing, 163 00:10:01,720 --> 00:10:03,720 and he was sort of a dreamy look on his face, 164 00:10:03,720 --> 00:10:05,720 and I came zipping up to him. 165 00:10:05,720 --> 00:10:07,720 What'd you think? 166 00:10:07,720 --> 00:10:08,720 It's amazing. 167 00:10:08,720 --> 00:10:09,720 Yeah? I mean, well, tell me. 168 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:12,720 No, I can't. It's really amazing. 169 00:10:12,720 --> 00:10:13,720 What'd you see out of it? I mean, what did you... 170 00:10:13,720 --> 00:10:14,720 Thank you. 171 00:10:14,720 --> 00:10:15,720 Yeah. 172 00:10:16,720 --> 00:10:20,720 I remember being practically close to tears from frustration 173 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:24,720 that I had finally gotten someone who at least had some credibility 174 00:10:24,720 --> 00:10:27,720 in the field of anthropology to look at this thing, 175 00:10:27,720 --> 00:10:31,720 and I couldn't even get six words out of the gentleman. 176 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:35,720 Now, the reasons for that I can't even speculate on. 177 00:10:35,720 --> 00:10:39,720 At that point, I decided I would have to pursue other avenues. 178 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:42,720 In the end, it was Terry Cullen 179 00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:46,720 who convinced Sanderson and Hoovermans to examine the Iceman. 180 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,720 Sanderson and Hoovermans were both convinced 181 00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:55,720 that, in fact, this carcass was the genuine carcass 182 00:10:55,720 --> 00:10:59,720 of some unknown form of animal or hominid. 183 00:11:01,720 --> 00:11:06,720 In May of 1969, Sanderson and Hoovermans published their findings 184 00:11:06,720 --> 00:11:09,720 in a tabloid magazine for science buffs. 185 00:11:12,720 --> 00:11:15,720 National attention quickly descended upon Frank Hansen, 186 00:11:15,720 --> 00:11:19,720 and before long, the authorities took an interest in Hansen 187 00:11:19,720 --> 00:11:21,720 and the frozen carcass. 188 00:11:21,720 --> 00:11:26,720 In the summer of 1969, the local sheriff stopped by Hansen's farmhouse. 189 00:11:26,720 --> 00:11:30,720 There are some people that think that thing you got you is the real McCoy. 190 00:11:30,720 --> 00:11:32,720 Of course they're supposed to. 191 00:11:32,720 --> 00:11:36,720 Look, Frank, if it is, I've got a couple of problems with taking a cadaver 192 00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:41,720 over state lines as illegal, and if it's the real McCoy, how did it get dead? 193 00:11:41,720 --> 00:11:44,720 Listen, you can come with me and we'll look at it together. 194 00:11:44,720 --> 00:11:46,720 No, no, no, no, look, look. 195 00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:49,720 What's that I bring a pathologist back tomorrow morning? 196 00:11:49,720 --> 00:11:50,720 Is that okay with you? 197 00:11:50,720 --> 00:11:52,720 Well, sure, that's okay. 198 00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:53,720 Ten o'clock okay? 199 00:11:53,720 --> 00:11:54,720 That's fine. 200 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:55,720 Okay. 201 00:11:55,720 --> 00:11:56,720 See you then. 202 00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:57,720 Sure. 203 00:11:57,720 --> 00:11:58,720 Sure. 204 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:10,720 That very night, Frank Hansen allegedly beat it out of town, 205 00:12:10,720 --> 00:12:13,720 taking his controversial exhibit with him. 206 00:12:13,720 --> 00:12:16,720 A few months later, Hansen was back on the circuit 207 00:12:16,720 --> 00:12:19,720 with a replica of the mysterious creature. 208 00:12:19,720 --> 00:12:24,720 The doubts of the real Iceman are still unknown. 209 00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:31,720 This thing may one day be understood by us as a genuine object, 210 00:12:31,720 --> 00:12:35,720 as a true representative of something primitive and manlike 211 00:12:35,720 --> 00:12:37,720 that is still living today. 212 00:12:37,720 --> 00:12:42,720 If, under other circumstances, this kind of thing is found and described 213 00:12:42,720 --> 00:12:46,720 and matches those extensive descriptions by Sanderson and Hovelmans, 214 00:12:46,720 --> 00:12:49,720 then at that point in time, someday in the future, 215 00:12:49,720 --> 00:12:55,720 we would know that this was the real thing that they saw in 1968. 216 00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:00,720 What was the Iceman? 217 00:13:00,720 --> 00:13:04,720 A primitive human-like species that managed to survive until present day? 218 00:13:04,720 --> 00:13:08,720 An elaborate hoax pulled off by a professional huckster? 219 00:13:08,720 --> 00:13:12,720 Or perhaps some unfortunate soul who died an untimely death 220 00:13:12,720 --> 00:13:15,720 and ended up as a sideshow attraction? 221 00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:21,720 Frank Hansen may be the only person who can answer these questions, 222 00:13:21,720 --> 00:13:23,720 and he isn't talking. 223 00:13:23,720 --> 00:13:26,720 Despite repeated attempts to have him share his story, 224 00:13:26,720 --> 00:13:29,720 Hansen declined to participate in this broadcast. 225 00:13:29,720 --> 00:13:34,720 For now it seems the legend of the Iceman must remain just that. 226 00:13:34,720 --> 00:13:36,720 A legend. 227 00:13:47,720 --> 00:13:53,720 At any moment, any one of us can meet a person who changes our lives forever. 228 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:57,720 In 1956, two ten-year-old boys named Tom and Brendan 229 00:13:57,720 --> 00:14:00,720 met in the Catholic Children's Home in New York City. 230 00:14:00,720 --> 00:14:05,720 By an odd coincidence, they both had the same last name, Vaughn. 231 00:14:05,720 --> 00:14:09,720 Not so coincidentally, they both needed a friend. 232 00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:12,720 I believe that Brendan saved my life, 233 00:14:12,720 --> 00:14:19,720 because he did have such a unique way of helping me put things into their proper perspective. 234 00:14:19,720 --> 00:14:24,720 I don't know what would have happened during that first year had Brendan 235 00:14:24,720 --> 00:14:29,720 not been there to tickle my funny bone. 236 00:14:29,720 --> 00:14:33,720 I don't know what would have happened during that first year 237 00:14:33,720 --> 00:14:38,720 to tickle my funny bone. 238 00:14:41,720 --> 00:14:46,720 How Tom Vaughn came to be in the Children's Home is a story in itself. 239 00:14:46,720 --> 00:14:51,720 His mother Jean and his father had gone through a bitter divorce. 240 00:14:51,720 --> 00:14:57,720 By 1954, Jean was hiding Tom and his little brother Dick from their father. 241 00:14:58,720 --> 00:15:02,720 The boys bounced from rooming houses to foster homes, 242 00:15:02,720 --> 00:15:07,720 living in nine different places in less than two years' time. 243 00:15:08,720 --> 00:15:11,720 Finally, they ended up in the Bronx, 244 00:15:11,720 --> 00:15:16,720 in a basement apartment supervised by kindly landlower Sonny Criscullo. 245 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:19,720 I came about the apartment. 246 00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:23,720 Nevertheless, Jean Vaughn's life grew increasingly chaotic, 247 00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:26,720 and the boys were usually left to fend for themselves. 248 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:28,720 Is it? 249 00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:36,720 His mother called. She said she's going to be late. 250 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:38,720 When's she going to be home? 251 00:15:38,720 --> 00:15:42,720 A couple of hours. Did you have something to eat yet? 252 00:15:42,720 --> 00:15:44,720 Oh, we're about to eat. 253 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:47,720 Sonny kept an eye on the boys. 254 00:15:47,720 --> 00:15:50,720 In fact, he and his wife wanted to become their legal guardians, 255 00:15:50,720 --> 00:15:53,720 but Catholic charities stepped in. 256 00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:59,720 They were finally convinced that Jean was an unfit mother. 257 00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:02,720 They pressured her to send the boys to a children's home. 258 00:16:05,720 --> 00:16:08,720 Tom and Dick were taken to the Lieutenant Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. 259 00:16:08,720 --> 00:16:12,720 home for children in the Palem Bay section of the Bronx. 260 00:16:15,720 --> 00:16:17,720 As we emerged from the car, 261 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:21,720 there was an opportunity for me to take flight 262 00:16:21,720 --> 00:16:24,720 and to run down the street and run away. 263 00:16:26,720 --> 00:16:29,720 And yet I knew that there was nothing I could do 264 00:16:29,720 --> 00:16:33,720 and that I had to face what was about to transpire. 265 00:16:33,720 --> 00:16:36,720 Come along, boys. Come along. 266 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:38,720 You know, I had to be in charge of Dick, 267 00:16:38,720 --> 00:16:41,720 and there was no way in front of all of these strangers 268 00:16:41,720 --> 00:16:45,720 that I could tell them how I felt or what I was feeling, 269 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:47,720 so it was trapped. 270 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:54,720 And I think maybe it's time now to go and get unpacked and settled. 271 00:16:54,720 --> 00:16:57,720 When the moment came for the boys to tell their mother goodbye, 272 00:16:57,720 --> 00:16:59,720 Tom was paralyzed with fear, 273 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:03,720 barely able to move and totally unable to speak. 274 00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:08,720 I distinctly remember yelling to myself, 275 00:17:08,720 --> 00:17:12,720 Mom, don't leave us. Don't allow this to happen. 276 00:17:12,720 --> 00:17:15,720 Don't allow them to take us from you. 277 00:17:15,720 --> 00:17:17,720 I love you, Dickie. 278 00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:21,720 I was so angry and I was feeling so much pain 279 00:17:21,720 --> 00:17:23,720 and so much of a sense of loss 280 00:17:23,720 --> 00:17:26,720 that I was just happy to turn from that scene 281 00:17:26,720 --> 00:17:29,720 and walk out of the room. 282 00:17:29,720 --> 00:17:34,720 For so long, Tom and Dick had been one another's primary source of strength. 283 00:17:35,720 --> 00:17:38,720 Now although they could still see their mother together on weekends, 284 00:17:38,720 --> 00:17:41,720 at the home itself, they were forced to live apart. 285 00:17:44,720 --> 00:17:47,720 Tom sank deeper and deeper into misery 286 00:17:47,720 --> 00:17:50,720 and turned a sullen face to his new peers. 287 00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:52,720 Good evening, boys. I'd like you to meet Tommy. 288 00:17:52,720 --> 00:17:55,720 Tommy, these are going to be your new dorm mates. 289 00:17:55,720 --> 00:17:58,720 This is Brendan, Jerry and Michael. 290 00:17:59,720 --> 00:18:04,720 Tom could never have guessed that this boy, Brendan Vaughn, would be his salvation. 291 00:18:04,720 --> 00:18:08,720 Brendan simply refused to let Tom retreat into his shell. 292 00:18:08,720 --> 00:18:10,720 What's your name again, Tommy? 293 00:18:12,720 --> 00:18:15,720 Where are you from? How long have you been here? 294 00:18:15,720 --> 00:18:17,720 He started talking to me, 295 00:18:17,720 --> 00:18:21,720 and I really wasn't in the mood for any conversation whatsoever 296 00:18:21,720 --> 00:18:24,720 and sat there kind of picking at my food. 297 00:18:25,720 --> 00:18:27,720 What happened? Cat got so tired? 298 00:18:29,720 --> 00:18:33,720 Well, after we left the dinner table, 299 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:36,720 I went back up to my room 300 00:18:36,720 --> 00:18:40,720 and this Brendan character had the bunk next to mine. 301 00:18:40,720 --> 00:18:42,720 What's your last name? 302 00:18:43,720 --> 00:18:44,720 Vaughn. 303 00:18:45,720 --> 00:18:48,720 Mr. Quincy, that's my last name. 304 00:18:48,720 --> 00:18:50,720 What do you spell it? 305 00:18:50,720 --> 00:18:52,720 V-A-U-G-A John. 306 00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:54,720 I smell mine a little differently. 307 00:18:54,720 --> 00:18:58,720 He had big freckles and curly brown hair and had the Irish accent. 308 00:18:58,720 --> 00:19:00,720 Okay, boys. Lights out. Tuck in. 309 00:19:02,720 --> 00:19:06,720 It wasn't too long before he had me opening up 310 00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:11,720 and he had a mischievous manner about him 311 00:19:11,720 --> 00:19:14,720 that... and devilish, to say the least. 312 00:19:14,720 --> 00:19:17,720 Tommy, tell me when you fall asleep, okay? 313 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:20,720 What? 314 00:19:20,720 --> 00:19:23,720 Tell me when you fall asleep. 315 00:19:25,720 --> 00:19:28,720 How can I tell you when I'm asleep? 316 00:19:28,720 --> 00:19:30,720 When I'm already asleep. 317 00:19:30,720 --> 00:19:34,720 He would do silly little things to try and make me 318 00:19:34,720 --> 00:19:37,720 feel not so sad or depressed. 319 00:19:37,720 --> 00:19:39,720 Good night, Brendan. 320 00:19:42,720 --> 00:19:43,720 Tommy. 321 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:46,720 Why did God make you? 322 00:19:46,720 --> 00:19:48,720 Brendan helped Tom in other ways as well. 323 00:19:48,720 --> 00:19:50,720 Why did God make you? 324 00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:52,720 Especially in catechism class, 325 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:55,720 where the children were required to deliver their answers by rote. 326 00:19:57,720 --> 00:20:00,720 Brendan whispered the answer to me 327 00:20:00,720 --> 00:20:02,720 and once again he saved my life there 328 00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:05,720 because I'm certain that I would have been in serious trouble 329 00:20:05,720 --> 00:20:07,720 and I had not had that simple answer. 330 00:20:07,720 --> 00:20:09,720 So we could love and serve him. 331 00:20:10,720 --> 00:20:11,720 Perfect! 332 00:20:12,720 --> 00:20:14,720 You know what this is? 333 00:20:14,720 --> 00:20:16,720 A rock, no? 334 00:20:16,720 --> 00:20:18,720 A piece of the barney stone. 335 00:20:18,720 --> 00:20:20,720 What's a barney stone? 336 00:20:20,720 --> 00:20:21,720 It's a magic rock. 337 00:20:21,720 --> 00:20:24,720 High up on the castle wall in I. 338 00:20:24,720 --> 00:20:27,720 And if you kiss it, you'd have good luck. 339 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:31,720 This constant conjoaling by Brendan 340 00:20:31,720 --> 00:20:35,720 put a perspective on where we were 341 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:37,720 and the fact that it wasn't so bad. 342 00:20:37,720 --> 00:20:39,720 The treatment there was wonderful. 343 00:20:39,720 --> 00:20:43,720 He began to draw me towards that perspective 344 00:20:43,720 --> 00:20:45,720 of what was actually going on there 345 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:47,720 and that it was kind of a fun place. 346 00:20:47,720 --> 00:20:51,720 So he really, from a therapeutic standpoint, 347 00:20:51,720 --> 00:20:56,720 showed me the way to overcome my depression. 348 00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:02,720 A year and a half after Tom and Brendan met, 349 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:04,720 the inevitable happened. 350 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:05,720 What are you doing? 351 00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:07,720 I'm packing my suitcase. 352 00:21:07,720 --> 00:21:09,720 Why? 353 00:21:09,720 --> 00:21:12,720 Sister said to get ready to leave. 354 00:21:12,720 --> 00:21:15,720 To pack my suitcase and get ready to leave. 355 00:21:15,720 --> 00:21:17,720 Brendan was very quiet 356 00:21:17,720 --> 00:21:20,720 because I think he was scared and afraid 357 00:21:20,720 --> 00:21:23,720 and didn't know where he was going or what was happening. 358 00:21:29,720 --> 00:21:32,720 I do remember Brendan walking down that long hall 359 00:21:32,720 --> 00:21:34,720 and wanting to run after him 360 00:21:34,720 --> 00:21:37,720 but once again being paralyzed 361 00:21:37,720 --> 00:21:39,720 by my inability to do that. 362 00:21:39,720 --> 00:21:42,720 I mean, I just couldn't show that kind of emotion. 363 00:21:47,720 --> 00:21:49,720 Eventually, Tom and his brother Dick 364 00:21:49,720 --> 00:21:52,720 were sent to live with their father in Montana. 365 00:21:52,720 --> 00:21:55,720 Their mother Jean, whose problems had finally overwhelmed her, 366 00:21:55,720 --> 00:21:57,720 died in 1985. 367 00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:03,720 Tom Vaughn is now a successful investment banker in Colorado. 368 00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:07,720 Happily married and the father of an 11-year-old daughter. 369 00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:09,720 Tom credits his young friend Brendan 370 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:13,720 with changing his outlook and his life. 371 00:22:13,720 --> 00:22:18,720 There hasn't been a week go by 372 00:22:18,720 --> 00:22:22,720 in the last 36 years 373 00:22:22,720 --> 00:22:26,720 that I haven't thought of him. 374 00:22:29,720 --> 00:22:32,720 I didn't have an opportunity 375 00:22:32,720 --> 00:22:36,720 to tell him how much I appreciated what he did for me. 376 00:22:36,720 --> 00:22:41,720 And I think it's my turn to make him smile. 377 00:22:41,720 --> 00:22:43,720 Pack my suitcase. 378 00:22:43,720 --> 00:22:48,720 Perhaps to kiss that Blarney stone just one more time. 379 00:22:54,720 --> 00:22:56,720 Within minutes of our broadcast, 380 00:22:56,720 --> 00:22:59,720 Brendan Vaughn called our phone center from his home in New York. 381 00:22:59,720 --> 00:23:02,720 We connected him with Tom Vaughn in Denver 382 00:23:02,720 --> 00:23:05,720 and finally Tom had his chance to say thank you. 383 00:23:05,720 --> 00:23:09,720 The two men agreed to meet in Manhattan on March 6, 1994 384 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:12,720 at 8.30 a.m. sharp. 385 00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:17,720 Tom came outside early, so he'd be there to greet Brendan. 386 00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:21,720 But Brendan, same old Brendan, surprised him. 387 00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:33,720 Well, relatively, we're in the same height. 388 00:23:35,720 --> 00:23:39,720 It seems like we haven't been apart. 389 00:23:39,720 --> 00:23:44,720 He still has the gregariousness and the power in his voice 390 00:23:44,720 --> 00:23:48,720 and still seems to have the same approach to things. 391 00:23:48,720 --> 00:23:51,720 So I don't think he's changed all that much. 392 00:23:51,720 --> 00:23:54,720 Brendan had brought along his sister, Noreen. 393 00:23:54,720 --> 00:23:57,720 In the hotel lobby, they met Tom's wife and daughter. 394 00:23:57,720 --> 00:24:00,720 For Brendan, who is divorced and has no children, 395 00:24:00,720 --> 00:24:03,720 it was like finding a long lost family. 396 00:24:03,720 --> 00:24:04,720 Hello. 397 00:24:04,720 --> 00:24:05,720 It looks like you and I... 398 00:24:05,720 --> 00:24:06,720 It's really a nice feeling. 399 00:24:06,720 --> 00:24:08,720 I mean, I was really shocked. 400 00:24:08,720 --> 00:24:10,720 You know, when you sit down and say, 401 00:24:10,720 --> 00:24:12,720 well, you know, what have I done in my life 402 00:24:12,720 --> 00:24:14,720 and what have you accomplished? 403 00:24:14,720 --> 00:24:17,720 And you can't say, well, I touched anybody's life. 404 00:24:17,720 --> 00:24:19,720 I haven't done anything. 405 00:24:19,720 --> 00:24:21,720 And then all of a sudden this pops up. 406 00:24:21,720 --> 00:24:23,720 It's really flattering. It's really amazing. 407 00:24:24,720 --> 00:24:26,720 You remember those? 408 00:24:26,720 --> 00:24:29,720 Brendan and Noreen, who was also at the children's home, 409 00:24:29,720 --> 00:24:31,720 spent the morning reminiscing with Tom. 410 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:34,720 It was hard to tell the nuns apart. 411 00:24:34,720 --> 00:24:36,720 Well, they didn't care as long as you went in the water. 412 00:24:36,720 --> 00:24:39,720 I was so bad that they were trying everything 413 00:24:39,720 --> 00:24:41,720 to try to get me to be good. 414 00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:44,720 As soon as we got into that conversation, 415 00:24:44,720 --> 00:24:46,720 it was like it had only taken place... 416 00:24:46,720 --> 00:24:48,720 our last conversation had taken place the day before, 417 00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:50,720 so it was very nice. 418 00:24:50,720 --> 00:24:52,720 Out there, out there, out there, captain. 419 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:54,720 I got to go see, you know, the honor guard. 420 00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:58,720 Finally, Tom's childhood wounds are beginning to heal. 421 00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:01,720 The two boys, best friends before they were separated 422 00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:04,720 more than 35 years ago, made an instant connection 423 00:25:04,720 --> 00:25:07,720 to their past and to one another. 424 00:25:07,720 --> 00:25:12,720 It's represented closure for a chapter in my life 425 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:15,720 that had been very, very difficult. 426 00:25:15,720 --> 00:25:18,720 And so coming here, facing him, finding him, 427 00:25:18,720 --> 00:25:21,720 being here today is a way to let go of that, 428 00:25:21,720 --> 00:25:24,720 and so I'm very pleased about that. 429 00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:28,720 Tom Vaughn and Brendan Vaughn now hope they will hear 430 00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:31,720 from other alumni of the Lieutenant Joseph P. Kennedy, 431 00:25:31,720 --> 00:25:33,720 Jr. Home for Children. 432 00:25:33,720 --> 00:25:36,720 The very children, all now in their 40s and 50s, 433 00:25:36,720 --> 00:25:38,720 with whom they once shared so much. 434 00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:45,720 Next, a government scientist falls to his death 435 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:46,720 from a hotel window. 436 00:25:46,720 --> 00:25:48,720 Was it suicide or murder? 437 00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:05,720 In the early morning hours of November 28, 1953, 438 00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:09,720 a crowd gathered outside of New York's hotel statler. 439 00:26:09,720 --> 00:26:11,720 A man had apparently jumped to his death 440 00:26:11,720 --> 00:26:13,720 from a 13-story window. 441 00:26:13,720 --> 00:26:16,720 The victim was later identified as a government scientist 442 00:26:16,720 --> 00:26:17,720 named Frank Olson. 443 00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:25,720 Frank Olson left behind a wife and three small children. 444 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:28,720 His sons are now grown men and are still trying 445 00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:31,720 to find out what really happened to their father. 446 00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:33,720 Now, in a final desperate appeal, 447 00:26:33,720 --> 00:26:35,720 they hope someone in our audience 448 00:26:35,720 --> 00:26:38,720 can help solve this baffling mystery. 449 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:43,720 Frank Olson died at the height of the Cold War tensions. 450 00:26:43,720 --> 00:26:46,720 At the time, our leaders here in Washington, D.C., 451 00:26:46,720 --> 00:26:48,720 faced the very real possibility 452 00:26:48,720 --> 00:26:51,720 that we might be attacked by the Soviet Union. 453 00:26:51,720 --> 00:26:53,720 Just an hour's drive from where I'm standing, 454 00:26:53,720 --> 00:26:55,720 the country's technological brain trust 455 00:26:55,720 --> 00:26:57,720 was working at a feverish pace 456 00:26:57,720 --> 00:26:59,720 to develop a new generation of weapons. 457 00:26:59,720 --> 00:27:03,720 Frank Olson was heading one of these projects when he died. 458 00:27:03,720 --> 00:27:06,720 40 years later, the questions surrounding his death 459 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:08,720 demand answers. 460 00:27:11,720 --> 00:27:14,720 Frank Olson worked at Fort Dietrich, Maryland, 461 00:27:14,720 --> 00:27:17,720 headquarters for the military's biological warfare research 462 00:27:17,720 --> 00:27:19,720 and development program. 463 00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:22,720 Frank was an expert in aerobiology, 464 00:27:22,720 --> 00:27:24,720 the delivery of deadly viruses 465 00:27:24,720 --> 00:27:26,720 and infectious microorganisms 466 00:27:26,720 --> 00:27:29,720 via sprays and aerosol cans. 467 00:27:29,720 --> 00:27:32,720 My father was a research scientist 468 00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:34,720 who was involved with germ warfare, 469 00:27:35,720 --> 00:27:37,720 associated with the SO division, 470 00:27:37,720 --> 00:27:39,720 which stood for Special Operations. 471 00:27:39,720 --> 00:27:43,720 That was the most top-secret kind of research 472 00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:45,720 that was done out at Fort Dietrich. 473 00:27:45,720 --> 00:27:47,720 And some of that research was being done 474 00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:50,720 in coordination with the CIA. 475 00:27:52,720 --> 00:27:54,720 At Fort Dietrich, Frank Olson earned the respect 476 00:27:54,720 --> 00:27:56,720 and admiration of his coworkers. 477 00:27:56,720 --> 00:27:59,720 Then in November of 1953, 478 00:27:59,720 --> 00:28:01,720 Frank went to a three-day conference 479 00:28:01,720 --> 00:28:03,720 with some of his colleagues 480 00:28:03,720 --> 00:28:06,720 and came home and changed man. 481 00:28:06,720 --> 00:28:08,720 The weekend after that meeting, 482 00:28:08,720 --> 00:28:10,720 my father was severely depressed. 483 00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:12,720 He felt that he had done something terribly wrong 484 00:28:12,720 --> 00:28:16,720 and he told my mother that he had done something wrong, 485 00:28:16,720 --> 00:28:18,720 but he couldn't tell her what. 486 00:28:18,720 --> 00:28:22,720 And she asked him whether or not he had broken security 487 00:28:22,720 --> 00:28:24,720 and he indicated that he would never do such a thing. 488 00:28:24,720 --> 00:28:27,720 But he felt that he had done something terribly wrong. 489 00:28:28,720 --> 00:28:30,720 Frank's boss, Vincent Rouet, 490 00:28:30,720 --> 00:28:32,720 told the Olsons he believed Frank 491 00:28:32,720 --> 00:28:34,720 was on the verge of a nervous breakdown. 492 00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:36,720 Just before Thanksgiving, 493 00:28:36,720 --> 00:28:39,720 Rouet took Frank to New York for treatment. 494 00:28:42,720 --> 00:28:44,720 In New York, Frank shared a hotel room 495 00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,720 with Dr. Robert Lashbrook, a CIA scientist, 496 00:28:47,720 --> 00:28:51,720 nearly a week passed before Frank's family heard from him. 497 00:28:51,720 --> 00:28:53,720 Do me a favor. 498 00:28:53,720 --> 00:28:55,720 Would you kiss the kids for me? 499 00:28:55,720 --> 00:28:58,720 My father seemed a little more peaceful than he had. 500 00:28:58,720 --> 00:29:01,720 He made a call to my mother to say he was all right. 501 00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:04,720 Bob, it's getting late. I'm gonna turn the TV off. 502 00:29:04,720 --> 00:29:06,720 They went to sleep fairly early, about 11. 503 00:29:06,720 --> 00:29:09,720 And the next thing we know from Lashbrook 504 00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:12,720 is that he was awakened by the sound of crashing glass. 505 00:29:17,720 --> 00:29:18,720 Frank? 506 00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:30,720 Oh, my God. 507 00:29:32,720 --> 00:29:35,720 Frank Olson was dead at the age of 43. 508 00:29:35,720 --> 00:29:38,720 Investigators later determined 509 00:29:38,720 --> 00:29:41,720 that he had either jumped or fallen to his death. 510 00:29:43,720 --> 00:29:45,720 I remember as a nine-year-old, 511 00:29:45,720 --> 00:29:47,720 and actually for years after that, 512 00:29:47,720 --> 00:29:49,720 I was completely stumped and dumbfounded 513 00:29:49,720 --> 00:29:51,720 by trying to resolve that alternative. 514 00:29:51,720 --> 00:29:54,720 I mean, there's a big difference between fall or jump, 515 00:29:54,720 --> 00:29:57,720 and I couldn't understand how either of them could have occurred. 516 00:29:59,720 --> 00:30:01,720 The Osos weren't alone. 517 00:30:01,720 --> 00:30:03,720 The night manager of the hotel 518 00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:06,720 found Frank's death suspicious as well. 519 00:30:06,720 --> 00:30:10,720 I rushed outside to find Frank Olson. 520 00:30:10,720 --> 00:30:13,720 Eyes wide open, looking straight at me, 521 00:30:13,720 --> 00:30:15,720 trying to tell me something. 522 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:19,720 Okay. Okay, buddy. 523 00:30:19,720 --> 00:30:21,720 He was definitely trying to speak, 524 00:30:21,720 --> 00:30:24,720 but there was nothing coming out but grumbles. 525 00:30:24,720 --> 00:30:27,720 He was in terrible condition. 526 00:30:28,720 --> 00:30:31,720 And by this time, then, the ambulance came, 527 00:30:31,720 --> 00:30:35,720 and I stepped back because now I had to find out 528 00:30:35,720 --> 00:30:37,720 where he came from. 529 00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:39,720 So I looked up the building, 530 00:30:39,720 --> 00:30:43,720 and finally I saw a little movement of a window shade. 531 00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:45,720 And when I concentrated on that, 532 00:30:45,720 --> 00:30:49,720 then I see that the window shade was stuck 533 00:30:49,720 --> 00:30:51,720 through a broken window. 534 00:30:51,720 --> 00:30:54,720 Arman Pastor immediately took the police 535 00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:57,720 to room 1018A. 536 00:30:57,720 --> 00:31:02,720 And here is Lashbrook sitting on a john in his skivvies, 537 00:31:02,720 --> 00:31:05,720 and the police thought to question him. 538 00:31:05,720 --> 00:31:07,720 And I heard him say, 539 00:31:07,720 --> 00:31:10,720 well, I heard there's a crash. 540 00:31:10,720 --> 00:31:12,720 I woke up. 541 00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:15,720 I walked around the room to look around. 542 00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:17,720 Look at this in here. 543 00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:19,720 Nobody ever jumps through a window. 544 00:31:19,720 --> 00:31:21,720 They open the window and they go out. 545 00:31:21,720 --> 00:31:26,720 Not a dash of shade and a sheer drape. 546 00:31:26,720 --> 00:31:29,720 You know, there's no sense to that. 547 00:31:31,720 --> 00:31:34,720 22 years would pass before Frank Olson's family 548 00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:37,720 heard Arman Pastor's account. 549 00:31:37,720 --> 00:31:40,720 All they were told in 1953 was that Frank had suffered 550 00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:43,720 a nervous breakdown and committed suicide. 551 00:31:45,720 --> 00:31:48,720 Then in 1975, a government commission was formed 552 00:31:49,720 --> 00:31:53,720 to investigate past abuses committed by the CIA. 553 00:31:53,720 --> 00:31:56,720 Among other incidents, the official report 554 00:31:56,720 --> 00:31:58,720 made mention of a scientist who had plunged 555 00:31:58,720 --> 00:32:01,720 to his death from a hotel room 10 days 556 00:32:01,720 --> 00:32:03,720 after being dosed with LSD. 557 00:32:03,720 --> 00:32:07,720 That scientist turned out to be Frank Olson. 558 00:32:07,720 --> 00:32:09,720 Over the next year and a half, 559 00:32:09,720 --> 00:32:12,720 the Olson family received a formal apology 560 00:32:12,720 --> 00:32:14,720 from President Gerald Ford, 561 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:18,720 and a check from the government for $750,000. 562 00:32:18,720 --> 00:32:22,720 The Olsons also met with then CIA chief, William Colby. 563 00:32:24,720 --> 00:32:27,720 As a result of meeting with William Colby at the CIA, 564 00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:31,720 we were given what was supposedly a complete set of documents 565 00:32:31,720 --> 00:32:35,720 relating to the events of the last nine days 566 00:32:35,720 --> 00:32:37,720 of my father's life. 567 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:40,720 I should have the results back on the toxicology tests. 568 00:32:40,720 --> 00:32:43,720 We learned that he had gone to a retreat in Deep Creek Lake. 569 00:32:44,720 --> 00:32:47,720 We met with a group in Western Maryland 570 00:32:47,720 --> 00:32:50,720 with a group of other scientists. 571 00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:53,720 The principle of the meeting was that they were going 572 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:55,720 to be discussing ongoing research. 573 00:32:55,720 --> 00:32:58,720 But in fact, there were agents in the CIA 574 00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:01,720 who were meeting with them who decided that 575 00:33:01,720 --> 00:33:04,720 they were going to give them each a dose of LSD 576 00:33:04,720 --> 00:33:07,720 without their knowledge or consent 577 00:33:07,720 --> 00:33:09,720 and then see what their reaction was. 578 00:33:10,720 --> 00:33:13,720 Anyone for a drink? 579 00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:16,720 The Olsons learned that the LSD was slipped into 580 00:33:16,720 --> 00:33:19,720 an after-dinnerly curve by either Sidney Gottlieb, 581 00:33:19,720 --> 00:33:22,720 head of the CIA's technical services staff, 582 00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:25,720 or his deputy, Dr. Robert Blashbrook. 583 00:33:25,720 --> 00:33:30,720 The CIA reportedly feared that the Soviet Union 584 00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:34,720 might employ LSD to produce anxiety or terror 585 00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:36,720 in captured CIA agents. 586 00:33:37,720 --> 00:33:39,720 Gottlieb believed that his test would help 587 00:33:39,720 --> 00:33:42,720 prepare American operatives for that eventuality. 588 00:33:45,720 --> 00:33:48,720 The least drinks were served to eight of the 10 scientists present. 589 00:33:48,720 --> 00:33:51,720 Some of them, including Frank Olson, 590 00:33:51,720 --> 00:33:53,720 were not told about the test. 591 00:33:57,720 --> 00:34:01,720 Within an hour, the LSD began to take effect. 592 00:34:07,720 --> 00:34:12,720 The men of the world can do the most wonderful thing. 593 00:34:22,720 --> 00:34:27,720 Gentlemen, gentlemen, are we all feeling a bit strange? 594 00:34:27,720 --> 00:34:30,720 One Gottlieb informed the drug-induced gallery 595 00:34:30,720 --> 00:34:33,720 that their drinks had been spiked with LSD. 596 00:34:33,720 --> 00:34:35,720 Frank Olson became incensed. 597 00:34:35,720 --> 00:34:36,720 What? 598 00:34:36,720 --> 00:34:37,720 Wait a minute. 599 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:38,720 We're having an experiment here. 600 00:34:38,720 --> 00:34:40,720 You put a drug in our drinks? 601 00:34:40,720 --> 00:34:42,720 Yes, yes, we're in the middle of an experiment. 602 00:34:42,720 --> 00:34:45,720 We understood that my father was quite agitated 603 00:34:45,720 --> 00:34:48,720 and was having serious confusion 604 00:34:48,720 --> 00:34:53,720 with separating reality from fantasy. 605 00:34:55,720 --> 00:34:58,720 Less than a week later, Frank made his ill-fated trip 606 00:34:58,720 --> 00:35:02,720 to New York, supposedly suffering from a nervous breakdown. 607 00:35:03,720 --> 00:35:05,720 Well, Frank, how are we feeling today? 608 00:35:05,720 --> 00:35:07,720 I feel lousy, doctor. 609 00:35:07,720 --> 00:35:09,720 Frank was taken to see Dr. Harold Abramson, 610 00:35:09,720 --> 00:35:13,720 an LSD expert who worked extensively with the CIA. 611 00:35:13,720 --> 00:35:15,720 It's been continuing for about a week now. 612 00:35:15,720 --> 00:35:16,720 Look at me, please. 613 00:35:16,720 --> 00:35:18,720 You were saying that you weren't resting very well. 614 00:35:18,720 --> 00:35:19,720 Is that improving? 615 00:35:19,720 --> 00:35:20,720 No, I'm not resting. 616 00:35:20,720 --> 00:35:22,720 I haven't been able to sleep for over a week. 617 00:35:22,720 --> 00:35:24,720 Accompanying Frank with Robert Lashbrook 618 00:35:24,720 --> 00:35:26,720 and Frank's boss, Vincent Rouet. 619 00:35:26,720 --> 00:35:27,720 Frank, sit down. 620 00:35:27,720 --> 00:35:28,720 I don't want to sit down. 621 00:35:28,720 --> 00:35:29,720 I can't sit down. 622 00:35:29,720 --> 00:35:31,720 Frank remained in New York, 623 00:35:31,720 --> 00:35:33,720 and over the next several days, 624 00:35:33,720 --> 00:35:35,720 made repeated visits to the doctor's office. 625 00:35:35,720 --> 00:35:38,720 Someone has been following me. 626 00:35:38,720 --> 00:35:40,720 From the documents we have, it's impossible 627 00:35:40,720 --> 00:35:43,720 to deduce what was accomplished in those meetings, 628 00:35:43,720 --> 00:35:45,720 and you certainly don't see any indication 629 00:35:45,720 --> 00:35:47,720 that a treatment process was occurring. 630 00:35:47,720 --> 00:35:50,720 You can suspect that some kind of assessment process 631 00:35:50,720 --> 00:35:54,720 was going on, the purpose of which was more to 632 00:35:54,720 --> 00:35:58,720 protect the CIA's interest than it was to help my father. 633 00:35:59,720 --> 00:36:01,720 Apparently, the pattern continued 634 00:36:01,720 --> 00:36:04,720 in the immediate aftermath of Frank's death. 635 00:36:04,720 --> 00:36:06,720 For some unexplained reason, 636 00:36:06,720 --> 00:36:09,720 Robert Lashbrook never phoned for help. 637 00:36:09,720 --> 00:36:12,720 However, he allegedly did make a disturbing call, 638 00:36:12,720 --> 00:36:15,720 which was overheard by the hotel operator. 639 00:36:19,720 --> 00:36:23,720 In those days, you know, all the calls were manual. 640 00:36:23,720 --> 00:36:27,720 You call the operator, and you tell her what number you want, 641 00:36:27,720 --> 00:36:29,720 and she would dial it for you, 642 00:36:29,720 --> 00:36:32,720 and then she'd listen to see that you got connected. 643 00:36:38,720 --> 00:36:41,720 When the man in the room called this number, 644 00:36:41,720 --> 00:36:44,720 he said, well, he's gone. 645 00:36:44,720 --> 00:36:48,720 And the man on the other end said, well, that's too bad. 646 00:36:48,720 --> 00:36:50,720 And they both hung up. 647 00:36:50,720 --> 00:36:53,720 I mean, what's more suspicious than that? 648 00:36:53,720 --> 00:36:55,720 You don't have to be a genius to figure out 649 00:36:55,720 --> 00:36:57,720 that there's something amiss. 650 00:36:57,720 --> 00:37:02,720 Or who said Hamlet said there's something rotten in Denmark? 651 00:37:02,720 --> 00:37:04,720 I mean, I knew there was something rotten 652 00:37:04,720 --> 00:37:07,720 at the Pennsylvania Hotel that night. 653 00:37:07,720 --> 00:37:09,720 I'd like to emphasize at the beginning 654 00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:11,720 that there are many things that we still don't know 655 00:37:11,720 --> 00:37:14,720 about the events surrounding my father's death. 656 00:37:14,720 --> 00:37:17,720 When the news first broke about Frank's suicide, 657 00:37:17,720 --> 00:37:19,720 Armand Pastor contacted the Olsen family 658 00:37:19,720 --> 00:37:22,720 and told them about the mysterious phone call. 659 00:37:23,720 --> 00:37:25,720 The Olsen's immediately began to suspect 660 00:37:25,720 --> 00:37:28,720 that Frank had not taken his own life. 661 00:37:28,720 --> 00:37:32,720 I believe that what happened was that my father 662 00:37:32,720 --> 00:37:34,720 was considered a security risk. 663 00:37:34,720 --> 00:37:38,720 The CIA either formally or informally 664 00:37:38,720 --> 00:37:41,720 decided that it was in the countries 665 00:37:41,720 --> 00:37:44,720 or in the agency's best interest to have my father 666 00:37:44,720 --> 00:37:48,720 either take his own life or that he needed to be eliminated. 667 00:37:52,720 --> 00:37:55,720 One of the nights that my father was up in New York, 668 00:37:55,720 --> 00:37:58,720 he was having delusions that he was hearing voices 669 00:37:58,720 --> 00:38:01,720 and in the middle of the night he woke up and went 670 00:38:01,720 --> 00:38:05,720 and threw all of his identification out and his money. 671 00:38:05,720 --> 00:38:10,720 All right, get ready to follow my money, my identification. 672 00:38:10,720 --> 00:38:15,720 You have to see that as an obvious sign of a suicidal tendency. 673 00:38:15,720 --> 00:38:18,720 Well, to keep my father in a 10th floor window, 674 00:38:18,720 --> 00:38:20,720 which in a 10th floor room, 675 00:38:20,720 --> 00:38:23,720 which actually was 13 stories off the ground, 676 00:38:23,720 --> 00:38:26,720 to me is the epitome of irresponsibility. 677 00:38:28,720 --> 00:38:32,720 In 1993, Frank's widow Alice passed away. 678 00:38:32,720 --> 00:38:37,720 Eric and Nils had their father's body moved to rest beside her. 679 00:38:37,720 --> 00:38:39,720 But before Frank was reinterred, 680 00:38:39,720 --> 00:38:42,720 they asked forensic scientist professor James Starrs 681 00:38:42,720 --> 00:38:45,720 to perform an autopsy. 682 00:38:45,720 --> 00:38:48,720 Quite frankly, we had no idea what the condition 683 00:38:48,720 --> 00:38:51,720 of the remains would be after 41 years. 684 00:38:51,720 --> 00:38:56,720 We were delighted that the remains were in perfect condition 685 00:38:56,720 --> 00:38:59,720 for our analysis. 686 00:38:59,720 --> 00:39:01,720 As part of his overall investigation, 687 00:39:01,720 --> 00:39:05,720 Professor Starrs and his colleagues went to the old hotel statler, 688 00:39:05,720 --> 00:39:08,720 which is now known as the Hotel Pennsylvania. 689 00:39:08,720 --> 00:39:11,720 The first thing that Professor Starrs looked for 690 00:39:11,720 --> 00:39:15,720 was evidence that Frank had indeed smashed through a window. 691 00:39:18,720 --> 00:39:21,720 The medical examiner in New York who did an external examination 692 00:39:21,720 --> 00:39:26,720 back in 1953 said there were multiple lacerations on the face and neck. 693 00:39:26,720 --> 00:39:28,720 There were none. 694 00:39:28,720 --> 00:39:30,720 I mean, I mean, zero. 695 00:39:30,720 --> 00:39:32,720 Soon after that finding was made public, 696 00:39:32,720 --> 00:39:34,720 Lashbrook changes his story, 697 00:39:34,720 --> 00:39:36,720 which he's held to for 40 years, 698 00:39:36,720 --> 00:39:38,720 and suddenly now starts saying that he can't remember 699 00:39:38,720 --> 00:39:40,720 whether the window, in fact, was open or closed. 700 00:39:40,720 --> 00:39:43,720 The window was completely gone. 701 00:39:43,720 --> 00:39:46,720 There was a little glass around on the fringes, 702 00:39:46,720 --> 00:39:50,720 and the shave was stuck out through the glass. 703 00:39:50,720 --> 00:39:54,720 At some point, he had to hit some glass. 704 00:39:54,720 --> 00:39:57,720 I cannot believe that he wouldn't have gotten cuts 705 00:39:57,720 --> 00:40:02,720 in the lower extremities of his body on the front of the legs. 706 00:40:02,720 --> 00:40:05,720 We don't find any cuts. 707 00:40:05,720 --> 00:40:08,720 Professor Starrs did find that Frank had sustained 708 00:40:08,720 --> 00:40:12,720 extensive injuries to his head, chest, and right leg. 709 00:40:12,720 --> 00:40:15,720 When you have fractures as massive 710 00:40:15,720 --> 00:40:20,720 and in different locations, as these fractures clearly are, 711 00:40:20,720 --> 00:40:24,720 they indicate a tremendous amount of force that caused those. 712 00:40:24,720 --> 00:40:28,720 Well, clearly he was falling from the building. 713 00:40:28,720 --> 00:40:31,720 If he struck his foot and that caused the massive injuries, 714 00:40:31,720 --> 00:40:32,720 the question for us is, 715 00:40:32,720 --> 00:40:35,720 well, how did he get the massive injuries on his chest? 716 00:40:35,720 --> 00:40:36,720 If he hit his chest, 717 00:40:36,720 --> 00:40:39,720 well, how did he get the massive injuries on his foot? 718 00:40:39,720 --> 00:40:44,720 If it was a glancing blow against an abutment on the way down, 719 00:40:44,720 --> 00:40:48,720 the likelihood of his having the massive injuries 720 00:40:48,720 --> 00:40:51,720 from a glassing blow is very remote. 721 00:40:51,720 --> 00:40:55,720 What happened to Frank Olsen? 722 00:40:55,720 --> 00:40:58,720 Professor Starrs' analysis is not yet complete, 723 00:40:58,720 --> 00:41:02,720 but his preliminary findings painted a disturbing scenario. 724 00:41:02,720 --> 00:41:06,720 Clearly, in this case, there is foul play 725 00:41:06,720 --> 00:41:10,720 on the part of the CIA in giving them LSD in the first place 726 00:41:10,720 --> 00:41:13,720 and making a guinea pig out of them the way they did. 727 00:41:13,720 --> 00:41:17,720 But foul play of the homicide type, 728 00:41:17,720 --> 00:41:20,720 that's what we're in this business to try to find out. 729 00:41:20,720 --> 00:41:24,720 As I say, the evidence is beginning to mount. 730 00:41:24,720 --> 00:41:28,720 I looked at this case for 14 months, 731 00:41:28,720 --> 00:41:31,720 and I found no evidence that points directly to murder. 732 00:41:31,720 --> 00:41:32,720 I don't rule it out, 733 00:41:32,720 --> 00:41:36,720 but I found no evidence that indicated me that that would happen. 734 00:41:36,720 --> 00:41:38,720 And I have to tell you, it seems unlikely to me 735 00:41:38,720 --> 00:41:43,720 that the CIA people in the context of the 1950s would have killed a colleague. 736 00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:46,720 I can see them doing something like this against a Soviet or an enemy, 737 00:41:46,720 --> 00:41:48,720 but not a colleague. 738 00:41:48,720 --> 00:41:52,720 I think the Olsen case must be resolved. 739 00:41:52,720 --> 00:41:54,720 That family deserves to know. 740 00:41:54,720 --> 00:41:56,720 I think the American people now deserve to know the truth 741 00:41:56,720 --> 00:41:58,720 that what happened has been a long time ago. 742 00:41:58,720 --> 00:42:01,720 They don't have to hide behind their classified documents, 743 00:42:01,720 --> 00:42:04,720 behind all of their stealth information 744 00:42:04,720 --> 00:42:06,720 and their sleazy little James Bond stories, 745 00:42:06,720 --> 00:42:09,720 tell us what happened to Frank Olsen. 746 00:42:11,720 --> 00:42:15,720 Congressman Traficant is now calling for an official investigation 747 00:42:15,720 --> 00:42:17,720 into the death of Frank Olsen. 748 00:42:17,720 --> 00:42:20,720 Perhaps after more than 40 years of secrecy, 749 00:42:20,720 --> 00:42:25,720 the true story behind this Cold War mystery will finally be told. 750 00:42:31,720 --> 00:42:56,720 When we return, the dramatic capture of a man suspected of murder. 751 00:43:02,720 --> 00:43:05,720 April 24, 1994. 752 00:43:05,720 --> 00:43:08,720 Along the Cristina River in Delaware, 753 00:43:08,720 --> 00:43:11,720 authorities close in on a dangerous fugitive 754 00:43:11,720 --> 00:43:17,720 who has been wanted on murder charges for more than six years. 755 00:43:17,720 --> 00:43:21,720 The suspect is 38-year-old Larry Donald George, 756 00:43:21,720 --> 00:43:25,720 a former army enlisted man and self-styled survivalist. 757 00:43:25,720 --> 00:43:27,720 You know you're not supposed to be here. 758 00:43:27,720 --> 00:43:29,720 Where you been? 759 00:43:29,720 --> 00:43:30,720 It's none of your business. 760 00:43:30,720 --> 00:43:35,720 On February 12, 1988, George confronted his estranged wife, Geraldine, 761 00:43:35,720 --> 00:43:37,720 at her home in Talladega, Alabama. 762 00:43:37,720 --> 00:43:39,720 Look, you're going to listen to me. 763 00:43:39,720 --> 00:43:41,720 You're going to listen to me. 764 00:43:41,720 --> 00:43:46,720 Geraldine ran next door for help. 765 00:43:46,720 --> 00:43:48,720 Larry George followed. 766 00:43:52,720 --> 00:43:54,720 Geraldine's neighbor, Janice Morris, 767 00:43:54,720 --> 00:43:56,720 was shot once in the chest. 768 00:43:56,720 --> 00:43:57,720 Larry, please stop. 769 00:43:57,720 --> 00:44:01,720 Next, Larry allegedly took aim at Geraldine. 770 00:44:01,720 --> 00:44:02,720 Janice! 771 00:44:02,720 --> 00:44:04,720 Janice's boyfriend, Ralph Swain, 772 00:44:04,720 --> 00:44:06,720 heard the commotion and ran downstairs. 773 00:44:10,720 --> 00:44:13,720 Ralph Swain was shot in the back of the head. 774 00:44:18,720 --> 00:44:21,720 Janice Morris was pronounced dead at the scene. 775 00:44:21,720 --> 00:44:24,720 Ralph Swain was rushed to a local hospital 776 00:44:24,720 --> 00:44:26,720 where he died a short time later. 777 00:44:28,720 --> 00:44:30,720 Geraldine George survived the shooting 778 00:44:30,720 --> 00:44:33,720 but was left paralyzed from the waist down. 779 00:44:33,720 --> 00:44:35,720 For more than six years, 780 00:44:35,720 --> 00:44:37,720 she lived with a bitter knowledge 781 00:44:37,720 --> 00:44:39,720 that her husband was still at large. 782 00:44:41,720 --> 00:44:43,720 After the most recent broadcast of this story, 783 00:44:43,720 --> 00:44:47,720 the authorities were contacted by an unsolved mystery's viewer. 784 00:44:47,720 --> 00:44:49,720 The viewer claimed to have seen Larry George 785 00:44:49,720 --> 00:44:51,720 fishing on the banks of the Christina River 786 00:44:51,720 --> 00:44:53,720 in Wilmington, Delaware. 787 00:44:53,720 --> 00:44:55,720 Three days later, two police detectives 788 00:44:55,720 --> 00:44:57,720 were dispatched to the area. 789 00:45:00,720 --> 00:45:02,720 For our cameras, the officers were countered 790 00:45:02,720 --> 00:45:05,720 at their dramatic meeting with Larry George. 791 00:45:05,720 --> 00:45:07,720 This is where we first encountered 792 00:45:07,720 --> 00:45:09,720 Larry George at right here. 793 00:45:09,720 --> 00:45:11,720 We began a conversation with him about fishing. 794 00:45:11,720 --> 00:45:13,720 At this time, he wanted to take us over here 795 00:45:13,720 --> 00:45:15,720 to where his pole was in the water 796 00:45:15,720 --> 00:45:17,720 and show us exactly where he was fishing at. 797 00:45:17,720 --> 00:45:21,720 We got about here and we started talking again about fishing. 798 00:45:21,720 --> 00:45:23,720 And it was at this time where myself and Detective Pinkett 799 00:45:23,720 --> 00:45:26,720 made eye contact and identified myself 800 00:45:26,720 --> 00:45:28,720 as a police officer to Larry. 801 00:45:28,720 --> 00:45:31,720 At this time, a brief struggle ensued right about here. 802 00:45:31,720 --> 00:45:34,720 We all three felt to the ground here. 803 00:45:34,720 --> 00:45:36,720 We got back to our feet, still struggling, 804 00:45:36,720 --> 00:45:40,720 and at that point we just turned and threw Larry into the water. 805 00:45:42,720 --> 00:45:44,720 While the officers regrouped, 806 00:45:44,720 --> 00:45:46,720 George attempted to flee downriver, 807 00:45:46,720 --> 00:45:48,720 but backup units quickly cornered him 808 00:45:48,720 --> 00:45:51,720 and he surrendered without further struggle. 809 00:45:54,720 --> 00:45:56,720 At George's campsite, 810 00:45:56,720 --> 00:45:58,720 police found a makeshift bunker 811 00:45:58,720 --> 00:46:02,720 complete with generator, heater, television, and stove. 812 00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:05,720 The subsequent discovery of several weapons, 813 00:46:05,720 --> 00:46:08,720 including a spear gun and a sawed-off shotgun, 814 00:46:08,720 --> 00:46:11,720 led investigators to believe that George had been prepared 815 00:46:11,720 --> 00:46:14,720 to resist arrest by whatever means necessary. 816 00:46:15,720 --> 00:46:17,720 He knew he was wanted from her. 817 00:46:17,720 --> 00:46:19,720 He wasn't going to be taken alive 818 00:46:19,720 --> 00:46:21,720 if he would have put himself in his hideout 819 00:46:21,720 --> 00:46:23,720 and if we'd have discovered it, 820 00:46:23,720 --> 00:46:25,720 he probably would have had gunfire 821 00:46:25,720 --> 00:46:27,720 and officers would have been hurt. 822 00:46:29,720 --> 00:46:33,720 On April 27, 1994, Larry Donald George 823 00:46:33,720 --> 00:46:36,720 was extradited to Alabama to face charges of murder 824 00:46:36,720 --> 00:46:38,720 and attempted murder. 825 00:46:38,720 --> 00:46:41,720 It was a long-awaited moment for Geraldine George 826 00:46:41,720 --> 00:46:44,720 and the families of Ralph Swain and Janice Morris. 827 00:46:45,720 --> 00:46:48,720 They're delighted that this was kind of bringing this to an end 828 00:46:48,720 --> 00:46:51,720 and I can understand their feelings about the situation 829 00:46:51,720 --> 00:46:53,720 simply because it's been a long six years 830 00:46:53,720 --> 00:46:55,720 and really not knowing where he is 831 00:46:55,720 --> 00:46:58,720 and if he would show back up. 832 00:46:58,720 --> 00:47:00,720 I'm sure that it has brought a lot of discomfort 833 00:47:00,720 --> 00:47:02,720 and a lot of sleepless nights to them, 834 00:47:02,720 --> 00:47:05,720 so I know that they're very happy that this is 835 00:47:05,720 --> 00:47:07,720 short of being drawn to a close. 836 00:47:18,720 --> 00:47:21,720 The End 837 00:47:30,720 --> 00:47:32,720 Join me next Sunday 838 00:47:32,720 --> 00:47:34,720 for another fascinating edition 839 00:47:34,720 --> 00:47:36,720 of Unsolved Mysteries. 840 00:48:18,720 --> 00:48:21,720 Unolved Mysteries